The Procces of 4 Strokes Engine

Definition of charging, compression, work and exhaust 

entrance: the entry of new gas into the cylinder through the intake valve

Temperatur » 20°C

Vakum 0,1 ÷ 0,6 bar

Compression: a new gas compression with reduce space, so the pressure & temperature rises, intake valves & exhaust valve close.

Final Presure of compression =

Otto   = 1 ÷ 1,5 Mpa ( 10 ÷ 15 bar )

Diesel = 1,5 ÷ 4 Mpa ( 15 + 40 bar )

Final Temperature of Compression

 Otto   = 300 ÷ 600⁰C

Diesel = 700 ÷ 900⁰C

Work: The pressure of combustion push the piston down, the intake valve and exhaust valve close.

Maximum Temperature of Ignition :

    Otto    = 2000 ÷ 2500⁰C

    Diesel = 2000 ÷ 2500⁰C

Maximum Presure of Ignition :

   Otto     = 3 ÷ 6 Mpa ( 30 ÷ 60 bar )

Diesel = 4 ÷ 12 Mpa (40 ÷ 120 bar

Exhaust: the output of the ex gas in the cylinder, through the exhaust valve

Temperature of exhaust Gas (full load):

Otto       = 600 ÷ 1000⁰C

Diesel   = 500 ÷ 600⁰C

Part or 4 Stroke Engine

Description 1. Piston rod 2. Cam shaft gear 3. Crankshaft gear 4. Oil pan 5. Plug 6. Intake valve 7. Cam shaft 8. The valve lever 9. Drive shaft 10. Crankshaft 11. Press valve rod 12. Carburettor

Engine Cooling System

a) Water Cooling System

water cooling system

Water absorb heat between the engine
1. Water on the sidelines of the machine working absorb heat
2. Water pump accelerate cooling water circulation
3. Radiator transfer heat water to the outside air
  
b) Air Cooling System

 cooling fins to expand the surface area of ​​heat

Engine Lubrication

Lubrication

Push Lubrication

Oil from the pan flowed by oil pump  into all the parts that need lubrication. Some oil sprayed / sprinkled into the cylinder. Next the oil will return to the oil pan (Crankcase).

Mix Lubrication 

                                  
                               Gasoline                                          

                                                  

Properties that stand out

• Oil is mixed into the fuel before entering to the engine cylinder
• Oil also burned in the cylinder
• Lubrication is always with new oil